Papel de los receptores tipo toll en las infecciones virales: el VIH-1 como modelo

Juan Carlos Hernández, Carlos Julio Montoya, Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima, .

Palabras clave: receptores toll-like/inmunología, virosis, VIH-1, infecciones oportunistas, inmunoterapia, inmunidad innata

Resumen

Los receptores tipo toll son un componente esencial de la respuesta inmune innata y adaptativa, pues se encargan del reconocimiento de los diferentes agentes patógenos y desencadenan respuestas dirigidas a eliminarlos y a desarrollar memoria inmunológica. Durante las infecciones virales se activan diferentes receptores tipo toll que, generalmente, inducen una respuesta inmune protectora pero, también, pueden hacer parte de los mecanismos patogénicos del virus. Una de las infecciones virales en la que los receptores tipo toll participan de esta respuesta dual, es la infección por el VIH-1, en la cual varios de estos receptores se activan para desarrollar respuestas antivirales dirigidas por los interferones tipo 1; pero, la replicación y la diseminación del virus también se favorecen por las señales derivadas de la estimulación de dichos receptores, en particular, por las infecciones asociadas con microorganismos oportunistas, lo cual favorece la progresión de la infección por el VIH-1. Un entendimiento integral del comportamiento de estos receptores durante las infecciones virales, permitirá diseñar estrategias profilácticas o terapéuticas basadas en la modulación de su expresión y función, en particular, utilizando agonistas de estos receptores que sean eficaces en la lucha por el control de las infecciones virales.

 

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  • Juan Carlos Hernández Grupo de Inmunovirología, Biogénesis, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
  • Carlos Julio Montoya Grupo de Inmunovirología, Biogénesis, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
  • Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima Grupo de Inmunovirología, Biogénesis, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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Cómo citar
1.
Hernández JC, Montoya CJ, Urcuqui-Inchima S. Papel de los receptores tipo toll en las infecciones virales: el VIH-1 como modelo. biomedica [Internet]. 1 de junio de 2007 [citado 28 de marzo de 2024];27(2):280-93. Disponible en: https://revistabiomedica.org/index.php/biomedica/article/view/225

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